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id="post-info"><h1 class="post-title">MongoDB进阶</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><span class="post-meta-date"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2019-03-26T16:00:00.000Z" title="发表于 2019-03-27 00:00:00">2019-03-27</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2019-06-02T16:00:00.000Z" title="更新于 2019-06-03 00:00:00">2019-06-03</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93/">数据库</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count">1.9k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读时长:</span><span>8分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="MongoDB进阶"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="插入百万级别的数据"><a href="#插入百万级别的数据" class="headerlink" title="插入百万级别的数据"></a>插入百万级别的数据</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">1.</span>我们要生成随机数 然后要生成随机的英文字母</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">2.</span>然后使用<span class="keyword">for</span>循环 insert去插入这个数据数组</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//代码如下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//生成随机数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">GetRandomNum</span>(<span class="params">min,max</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> range = max-min;   <span class="comment">//得到随机数区间</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> rand = <span class="built_in">Math</span>.random(); <span class="comment">//得到随机值</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> (min + <span class="built_in">Math</span>.round(rand *range)); <span class="comment">//最小值+随机数取整</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//生成随机用户名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">GetRadomUserName</span>(<span class="params">min,max</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> tempStringArray= <span class="string">&quot;123456789qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm&quot;</span>.split(<span class="string">&quot;&quot;</span>);<span class="comment">//构造生成时的字母库数组</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> outPuttext = <span class="string">&quot;&quot;</span>; <span class="comment">//最后输出的变量</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//进行循环，随机生产用户名的长度，这里需要生成随机数方法的配合</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span>(<span class="keyword">let</span> i=<span class="number">1</span> ;i&lt;GetRandomNum(min,max);i++)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//随机抽取字母，拼装成需要的用户名</span></span><br><span class="line">        outPuttext=outPuttext+tempStringArray[GetRandomNum(<span class="number">0</span>,tempStringArray.length)]</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> outPuttext;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//链接数据库 利用for循环插入数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> db = connect(<span class="string">&#x27;company&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">db.randomInfo.drop();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span>  tempInfo = [];</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="keyword">let</span> i=<span class="number">0</span>;i&lt;<span class="number">2000000</span>;i++)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    tempInfo.push(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        username:GetRadomUserName(<span class="number">7</span>,<span class="number">16</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        regeditTime:<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Date</span>(),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum0:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum1:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum2:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum3:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum4:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum5:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum6:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum7:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum8:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        randNum8:GetRandomNum(<span class="number">100000</span>,<span class="number">999999</span>),</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">db.randomInfo.insert(tempInfo);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//查看成功与否</span></span><br><span class="line">插入完成后，我们可以使用 db.randomInfo.stats() 这个命令查看数据中的数据条数。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="建立索引"><a href="#建立索引" class="headerlink" title="建立索引"></a>建立索引</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">1.</span>在上面我们的已经插入了<span class="number">200</span>万的数据</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">2.</span>如果此时我们在这些数据中查找一个数据 是很浪费时间的 </span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">3.</span>所以我们需要给我们的数据简历索引 来提升查找的性能</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">4.</span>数据不超过万条时 不需要使用索引 性能提升不明显 查询数据超过表的<span class="number">30</span>%时 不需要索引</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">5</span>，使用索引 数字索引 把你经常查询的数据做成一个内嵌的数据</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//下面是没有建立索引 所查询的时间</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> startTime = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Date</span>().getTime()  <span class="comment">//得到程序运行的开始时间</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span>  db = connect(<span class="string">&#x27;company&#x27;</span>)          <span class="comment">//链接数据库</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span>   rs=db.randomInfo.find(&#123;<span class="attr">username</span>:<span class="string">&quot;qjqxb2eoi7&quot;</span>&#125;)  <span class="comment">//根据用户名查找用户</span></span><br><span class="line">rs.forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">rs</span>=&gt;</span>&#123;printjson(rs)&#125;)                     <span class="comment">//循环输出</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span>  runTime = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Date</span>().getTime()-startTime;      <span class="comment">//得到程序运行时间</span></span><br><span class="line">print(<span class="string">&#x27;[SUCCESS]This run time is:&#x27;</span>+runTime+<span class="string">&#x27;ms&#x27;</span>)    <span class="comment">//打印出运行时间</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//查询结果</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span> : ObjectId(<span class="string">&quot;5ea9882757578369e9da1aea&quot;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;username&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;qjqxb2eoi7&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;regeditTime&quot;</span> : ISODate(<span class="string">&quot;2020-04-29T13:58:10.580Z&quot;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum0&quot;</span> : <span class="number">484194</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum1&quot;</span> : <span class="number">237154</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum2&quot;</span> : <span class="number">191352</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum3&quot;</span> : <span class="number">552425</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum4&quot;</span> : <span class="number">545687</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum5&quot;</span> : <span class="number">953026</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum6&quot;</span> : <span class="number">965915</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum7&quot;</span> : <span class="number">352092</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum8&quot;</span> : <span class="number">632881</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">[SUCCESS]This run time is:915ms <span class="comment">//平均接近1S</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//建立索引   //为我们的username字段建立索引</span></span><br><span class="line">db.randomInfo.ensureIndex(&#123;<span class="attr">username</span>:<span class="number">1</span>&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//返还</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;createdCollectionAutomatically&quot;</span> : <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;numIndexesBefore&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;numIndexesAfter&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;ok&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//查看索引</span></span><br><span class="line">db.randomInfo.getIndexes()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//返还结果</span></span><br><span class="line">[</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;_id_&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//可以查看到已经建立了索引</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;username&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;username_1&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//最后我们在从新查询了一下</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span> : ObjectId(<span class="string">&quot;5ea9882757578369e9da1aea&quot;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;username&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;qjqxb2eoi7&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;regeditTime&quot;</span> : ISODate(<span class="string">&quot;2020-04-29T13:58:10.580Z&quot;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum0&quot;</span> : <span class="number">484194</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum1&quot;</span> : <span class="number">237154</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum2&quot;</span> : <span class="number">191352</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum3&quot;</span> : <span class="number">552425</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum4&quot;</span> : <span class="number">545687</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum5&quot;</span> : <span class="number">953026</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum6&quot;</span> : <span class="number">965915</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum7&quot;</span> : <span class="number">352092</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;randNum8&quot;</span> : <span class="number">632881</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">[SUCCESS]This run time is:14ms <span class="comment">//缩短为了14ms</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="复合索引"><a href="#复合索引" class="headerlink" title="复合索引"></a>复合索引</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">1.</span>复合索引 就是把查询两条条件 都做索引</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">2.</span>建立复合索引 和上面方法一样</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//这是我们建立的索引表 数据库在查询的时候 他是按照索引表的一定顺序取查询的 ID是默认的   </span></span><br><span class="line">[</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;_id_&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;username&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;username_1&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//然后我们又建立了randNum0 的索引 这样就成了符合索引了  db.randomInfo.ensureIndex(&#123;randNum0:1&#125;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//然后我们查看索引表如下</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt; db.randomInfo.getIndexes()</span><br><span class="line">[</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;_id_&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;username&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;username_1&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="comment">//可以看到ranNum0也建立了索引 </span></span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;v&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;key&quot;</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;randNum0&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">                &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;randNum0_1&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;ns&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;company.randomInfo&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//数据库在查询的时候 是按照索引表的顺序去查的 数字类型的值 永远比 字符串类型的值要快</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//那么我们如何数据库按照我们的指定的索引取查询</span></span><br><span class="line">db.workmate.find(&#123;<span class="attr">username</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;zcbvc8lp9f&#x27;</span>,<span class="attr">ranNum0</span>:<span class="number">908274</span>&#125;).hint(&#123;<span class="attr">randNum0</span>:<span class="number">1</span>&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//以上就是 我们用randNum0的索引去进行查找</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="删除索引"><a href="#删除索引" class="headerlink" title="删除索引"></a>删除索引</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//删除索引 这里注意 我们删除索引的时候 一定去索引表里查看他的name值 然后在删除</span></span><br><span class="line">db.randomInfo.dropIndex(<span class="string">&#x27;randNum0_1&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//删除成功</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123; <span class="string">&quot;nIndexesWas&quot;</span> : <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">&quot;ok&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span> &#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="全文索引"><a href="#全文索引" class="headerlink" title="全文索引"></a>全文索引</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//全文索引 一般用于搜索你文章的关键字 性能会有很大的提升 要建立全文索引的字段</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt; db.info.insert(&#123;<span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;good moring is context&quot;</span>&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&gt; db.info.insert(&#123;<span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;good night is running geart&quot;</span>&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">db.randomInfo.ensureIndex(&#123;<span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;text&quot;</span>&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//建立成功</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;createdCollectionAutomatically&quot;</span> : <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;numIndexesBefore&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;numIndexesAfter&quot;</span> : <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;ok&quot;</span> : <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//使用全文索引 这里就是使用全文索引 去查找含有 good 和 is 的数据</span></span><br><span class="line">db.info.find(&#123;<span class="attr">$text</span>:&#123;<span class="attr">$search</span>:<span class="string">&quot;good is&quot;</span>&#125;&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//排除 就是没有is的数据 </span></span><br><span class="line">db.info.find(&#123;<span class="attr">$text</span>:&#123;<span class="attr">$search</span>:<span class="string">&quot;good -is&quot;</span>&#125;&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//需要查找两个词 就需要用到\转义符</span></span><br><span class="line">db.info.find(&#123;<span class="attr">$text</span>:&#123;<span class="attr">$serach</span>:<span class="string">&quot;\&quot;good moring\&quot; is&quot;</span>&#125;&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="MongoDB管理"><a href="#MongoDB管理" class="headerlink" title="MongoDB管理"></a>MongoDB管理</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">1.</span>我可以给我们的MongoDB创建一个用户 也可以设置这个用户的管理权限等</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//创建用户</span></span><br><span class="line">db.createUser(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    user:<span class="string">&quot;jspang&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    pwd:<span class="string">&quot;123456&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    customData:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        name:<span class="string">&#x27;技术胖&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        email:<span class="string">&#x27;web0432@126.com&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        age:<span class="number">18</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//这里就是创建的这个用户 对所有库只能只读 不能操作</span></span><br><span class="line">    roles:[<span class="string">&#x27;read&#x27;</span>]</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">db.createUser(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    user:<span class="string">&quot;jspang&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    pwd:<span class="string">&quot;123456&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    customData:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        name:<span class="string">&#x27;技术胖&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        email:<span class="string">&#x27;web0432@126.com&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        age:<span class="number">18</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    roles:[</span><br><span class="line">        &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            role:<span class="string">&quot;readWrite&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            db:<span class="string">&quot;company&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">&#x27;read&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    ]</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//权限表的value为下</span></span><br><span class="line">数据库用户角色：read、readWrite；</span><br><span class="line">数据库管理角色：dbAdmin、dbOwner、userAdmin;</span><br><span class="line">集群管理角色：clusterAdmin、clusterManager、clusterMonitor、hostManage；</span><br><span class="line">备份恢复角色：backup、restore；</span><br><span class="line">所有数据库角色：readAnyDatabase、readWriteAnyDatabase、userAdminAnyDatabase、dbAdminAnyDatabase</span><br><span class="line">超级用户角色：root</span><br><span class="line">内部角色：__system</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="查找用户信息"><a href="#查找用户信息" class="headerlink" title="查找用户信息"></a>查找用户信息</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//就可以查看库的用户信息了</span></span><br><span class="line">db.system.users.find()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="删除用户"><a href="#删除用户" class="headerlink" title="删除用户"></a>删除用户</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//删除用户信息</span></span><br><span class="line">db.system.users.remove(&#123;<span class="attr">user</span>:<span class="string">&quot;用户名称&quot;</span>&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="鉴权"><a href="#鉴权" class="headerlink" title="鉴权"></a>鉴权</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">1.</span>你建立好了用户 我们希望用我们建立好的用户去登录</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">2.</span>然后我们就要鉴权 然后就可以登录了</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="数据库备份和还原"><a href="#数据库备份和还原" class="headerlink" title="数据库备份和还原"></a>数据库备份和还原</h1><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//备份</span></span><br><span class="line">mongodump</span><br><span class="line"> --host <span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span></span><br><span class="line"> --port <span class="number">27017</span></span><br><span class="line"> --out D:<span class="regexp">/databack/</span>backup <span class="comment">//备份到哪了</span></span><br><span class="line"> --collection myCollections <span class="comment">//备份的集合</span></span><br><span class="line"> --db test <span class="comment">//备份的数据库</span></span><br><span class="line"> --username username <span class="comment">//账户</span></span><br><span class="line"> --password password <span class="comment">//和密码</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//以下是命令</span></span><br><span class="line"> mongodump --host <span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span> --port <span class="number">27017</span> --out D:/databack --collection info --db company</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//还原</span></span><br><span class="line">mongorestore</span><br><span class="line"> --host <span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span></span><br><span class="line"> --port <span class="number">27017</span></span><br><span class="line"> --username username</span><br><span class="line"> --password password</span><br><span class="line"> mongorestore --host <span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span> --port <span class="number">27017</span> D:<span class="regexp">/databack/</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//以上命令 在net start MongoDB 服务请求成功之后就可以使用</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__title"><span class="post-copyright-info"><h>MongoDB进阶</h></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="http://example.com/2019/03/27/MongoDB%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6/">http://example.com/2019/03/27/MongoDB%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright-m"><div class="post-copyright-m-info"><div class="post-copyright-a"><h>作者</h><div class="post-copyright-cc-info"><h>北城韩雨</h></div></div><div class="post-copyright-c"><h>发布于</h><div class="post-copyright-cc-info"><h>2019-03-27</h></div></div><div class="post-copyright-u"><h>更新于</h><div class="post-copyright-cc-info"><h>2019-06-03</h></div></div><div class="post-copyright-c"><h>许可协议</h><div class="post-copyright-cc-info"><a class="icon" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Creative Commons" href="https://creativecommons.org/"><i class="fab fa-creative-commons"></i></a><a rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="CC BY-NC-SA 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<p style="background:rgba(255,255,255,1);margin:0"> <img src="/img/code.png"></img> </p></div></div><div class="sticky_layout"><div class="card-widget" id="card-toc"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-stream"></i><span>目录</span></div><div class="toc-content"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%8F%92%E5%85%A5%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%87%E7%BA%A7%E5%88%AB%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE"><span class="toc-text">插入百万级别的数据</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95"><span class="toc-text">建立索引</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95"><span class="toc-text">复合索引</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95"><span class="toc-text">删除索引</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" 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